CHAD'S FORD, September 11, 1777. 5 O'Clock, P.M.
SIR,
When I had the honor of addressing you this morning, I mentioned that
the enemy were advancing and had began a cannonade. I would now beg leave to
inform you, that they have kept up a brisk fire from their artillery ever
since. Their advanced party was attacked by our light troops under General
Maxwell, who crossed the Brandywine for that purpose, and had posted his men
on some high grounds on each side the road. The fire from our people was not
of long duration, as the enemy pressed on in force, but was very severe. What
loss the enemy sustained cannot be ascertained with precision, but from our
situation and briskness of the attack, it is the general opinion, particularly
of those who were engaged, that they had at least three hundred men killed and
wounded. Our damage is not exactly known, but from the best accounts we have
been able to obtain, it does not exceed fifty in the whole. After this affair
the enemy halted upon the heights, where they have remained ever since, except
a detachment of them which filed off about eleven o'clock from their left, and
which has since passed Brandywine at JonesFord, between five and six miles
above Chad; the amount of it is not known, accounts respecting it being
various - some making it two or three thousand strong, and others more.
Generals Sullivan, Stirling, and Stevens, with their divisions, are gone
in pursuit and to attack it, if they can with any prospect of success. There
has been a scattering loose fire between our parties on each side the brook,
since the action in the morning, which just now became warm, when General
Maxwell pushed over with his corps, and drove them from their ground, with the
loss of thirty men left dead on the spot, among them a Captain of the 49th,
and a number of entrenching tools, with which they were throwing up a battery.
At half after Four o'clock the enemy attacked General Sullivan at the Ford and
above this, and the action has been very violent ever since. It still
continues. A very severe cannonade has began here too, and I suppose we shall
have a very hot evening. I hope it will be a happy one.
I have the honor to be, in great haste,
Sir, your most obedient servant,
ROBERT H. HARRISON.
and
CHESTER, September 11, 1777. Twelve o'Clock at Night.
SIR,
I am sorry to inform you that in this day engagement we have been
obliged to leave the enemy masters of the field. Unfortunately the
intelligence received of the enemy advancing up the Brandywine, and crossing
at a Ford about six miles above us, was uncertain and contradictory,
notwithstanding all my pains to get the best. This prevented my making a
disposition adequate to the force with which the enemy attacked us on our
right; in consequence of which the troops first engaged were obliged to retire
before they could be reinforced. -
In the midst of the attack on the right, that body of the enemy which
remained on the other side of ChadFord, crossed it, and attacked the division
there under the command of General Wayne and
the light troops under General Maxwell; who after a severe conflict also
retired. The Militia under the command of General Armstrong, being posted at a
Ford about two miles below Chad, had no opportunity of engaging. But though we
fought under many disadvantages, and were from the causes above mentioned,
obliged to retire; yet our loss of men is not, I am persuaded, very
considerable; I believe much less than the enemy. We have also lost seven or
eight pieces of cannon, according to the best information I can at present
obtain. - The baggage having been previously moved off is all secure; saving
the men blankets, which being at their backs, many of them doubtless were
lost.
I have directed all the troops to assemble behind Chester, where they are now
arranging for this night. - Notwithstanding the misfortune of the day, I am
happy to find the troops in good spirits, and I hope another time we shall
compensate for the losses now sustained.
The Marquis La Fayette was wounded in the leg, and General Woodford in the
hand. Divers other officers were wounded, and some slain, but the numbers of
either cannot now be ascertained.
I have the honor to be, Sir, your obedient humble servant,
G. WASHINGTON.
P.S. It has not been in my power to send you earlier intelligence; the present
being the first leisure moment I have had since the action.
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